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Gray Research Director: Ethereum is like a "small country," and the issuance of ETH determines the balance between network security and currency

Zach Pandl, the head of research at Grayscale, posted on the X platform comparing Ethereum to a "small country" and discussed the ETH issuance mechanism. He believes that Ethereum has only one core "government function": to protect property rights and value exchange within the system. Unlike traditional countries that provide public services through taxation, Ethereum primarily funds network security through "seigniorage," which is the issuance of new ETH.In this framework, the stakers responsible for maintaining network security are akin to a group providing public services, as they receive rewards through newly issued ETH. Therefore, Ethereum's staking mechanism and ETH issuance policy essentially constitute the network's fiscal and monetary policy. Zach Pandl pointed out that the Ethereum community needs to decide how much "new currency" should be used to cover network security costs. More security typically means stronger protection of property rights, but at the cost of a higher ETH issuance rate and potential other risks.For example, if network security increasingly relies on a few large staking service providers, there remains room for discussion about whether these providers can maintain the asset rights of all users completely neutrally. Pandl believes that, just as in traditional economies, no one knows the "optimal level" of government spending and currency issuance; the same applies to Ethereum. However, Ethereum has several key security thresholds, including: 1/3: an attacker reaching this ratio may affect finality; 1/2: affects blockchain fork choice; 2/3: can control the finality process. Some community members believe that the design of Ethereum's monetary and fiscal policy should consider the security trade-offs brought by these key ratios, while the current mechanism has not adequately incorporated these factors. However, the above analogy is not entirely accurate, as it does not yet involve other important factors such as the ETH burn mechanism, MEV, governance, etc.

ZachXBT: American female scammer impersonates customer service to steal over 5 million dollars in cryptocurrency assets

On-chain detective ZachXBT posted that U.S. threat actor Tiffany Milanovich participated in the theft of approximately $5 million in crypto assets by impersonating hardware wallet and centralized exchange customer service.Her methods included disguising as Bitcoin IRA email support, during one attack transferring about $1.2 million in BTC and ETH from the victim's Trezor wallet, and in another case stealing about $500,000 in BTC from a Coinbase account. Tiffany induced victims to hand over access to their funds under the guise of "customer service calls," later boasting about the stolen money on social media and Telegram groups, mocking victims with recordings, and collaborating with other threat actors to launder money using phishing panels and instant exchange services, with some of the stolen funds still dormant on-chain.The threat actor codenamed "Tiffany" is suspected of participating in multiple crypto asset thefts, gambling the stolen funds at crypto casinos. The platform Shuffle has frozen related accounts based on evidence submitted by ZachXBT; Tiffany previously shared a search and seizure warrant from Connecticut, dated before some of the incidents involved.ZachXBT has obtained chat logs, recordings, and on-chain evidence, anticipating that this individual may face further legal consequences. This threat actor is also linked to the John Daghita (Lick) case, who is suspected of stealing over $46 million in crypto assets from a U.S. government-seized wallet.

hot_img Bloomberg: The AI investment boom intensifies the differentiation in the venture capital market, with small and medium-sized funds facing survival challenges

According to Bloomberg, the current venture capital market is experiencing significant structural differentiation. As funds concentrate on top artificial intelligence startups, many small and medium-sized venture capital funds are facing severe challenges such as fundraising difficulties, declining performance, and narrowing exit channels.The report points out that the excessive hype around artificial intelligence has distorted the venture capital market. Data shows that just five companies—OpenAI, Anthropic, xAI, Waymo, and Nscale—accounted for 78% of all venture capital transaction volume in the first quarter of this year. A large amount of capital has flowed to a few top investors who made early bets on AI, such as Founders Fund and Andreessen Horowitz, while small emerging fund managers find it difficult to compete with these leading institutions.This differentiation is directly reflected in fundraising data. Last year, newly established management companies (managing three or fewer funds) raised only about $62 billion, a significant drop of about 60% compared to the pandemic peak of $163.4 billion in 2022. Even experienced management teams raised only $84 billion last year, which is just one-third of the amount in 2022. Many LPs are facing liquidity pressures and are more inclined to demand returns on existing investments rather than commit new funds.
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