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first_img Analysis: China may have stockpiled 343 immersion deep ultraviolet lithography machines

According to the South China Morning Post, former U.S. officials stated that Chinese semiconductor factories have stockpiled hundreds of immersion lithography machines worth billions of dollars in recent years and urged Washington and its allies to stop further exports. The Centre for Technology & Statecraft, established in August 2026, released a report in late September estimating that by early 2026, Chinese wafer fabs had acquired approximately 343 immersion deep ultraviolet lithography systems. The report was co-authored by former U.S. export control official Nicholas Brown and former White House and Department of Commerce technology policy advisor Saif Khan.The report estimates that about 270 of these are ASML Twinscan NXT:1980i. The authors claim that although these devices lag behind extreme ultraviolet lithography machines, they can be modified for the production of 7-nanometer logic chips and advanced memory required for artificial intelligence processors (including Huawei's Ascend series). Chinese wafer fabs spent over $13 billion in 2024 to purchase about 90 NXT:1980i units, and acquired another 89 units in 2025. ASML disclosed that, by destination, China accounted for 41% of its net system sales in 2024, 33% in 2025, dropping to 19% in the first quarter of 2026 and 14% in the second quarter.Since September 2023, the Netherlands has required export licenses for the NXT:2000i and more advanced immersion deep ultraviolet equipment, effectively banning these models from being shipped to China; a year later, the licensing requirements were extended to the NXT:1980i, but this model can still be approved for shipment on a case-by-case basis.

first_img Grayscale Research Director: Generation Z starts investing at an average age of 19

Grayscale Research Director Zach Pandl published an article on September 28, 2026, in the company's column The Stack. The article states that among American investors, Generation Z starts investing at an average age of 19, Millennials at 25, Generation X at 32, and Baby Boomers at 35. Based on a retirement age of 65, Generation Z has an investment horizon of 46 years, which is over 50% longer than the 30-year horizon when Baby Boomers started investing.Zach Pandl: Starting to invest earlier not only benefits from compound interest but also expands the capacity to take on risk. When young, labor capital accounts for a larger proportion of wealth, and a longer horizon means more time to recover from fluctuations, as well as more future income available for continued saving and investing, thereby expanding the lifetime risk budget. He believes that the returns on digital assets are both volatile and potentially asymmetric, making them more suitable for longer and more flexible horizons.Zach Pandl also mentioned that for early investors, the cost of recent volatility may be less than the opportunity cost of missing out on long-term upside. With decades available for rebalancing, adding funds, and compounding across cycles, early starters may allocate a higher proportion to digital assets while keeping their lifetime risk balanced. Starting to invest earlier gives investors more time to absorb fluctuations, potentially enhancing the utility of digital assets in long-term portfolios.

first_img Canadian Prime Minister Carney established the National Artificial Intelligence Committee

On October 2, Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney announced the establishment of the Prime Minister's National Artificial Intelligence Advisory Council in Ottawa, which will provide independent and pragmatic advice on Canada's artificial intelligence transformation. The council will bring together stakeholders from the public and private sectors to provide input on the evolution of the AI for All national strategy, covering areas such as accelerating adoption, nurturing national leading enterprises, building sovereign artificial intelligence infrastructure, enhancing AI safety, protecting democracy, and ensuring that all Canadians benefit.Council members include Ajay Agrawal, Yoshua Bengio, Sanja Fidler, John Graham, Gillian Hadfield, Jordan Jacobs, Eric Lamarre, Valérie Pisano, Senator Thomas Pitfield, Jody Thomas, Louis Vachon, Michelle Zatlyn, and of course, Patrick Pichette as a member. The council is supported by a small team from the Privy Council Office, while policy decisions and implementation remain the responsibility of the relevant ministers and departments.Carney stated that the prosperity and sovereignty of the artificial intelligence era belong to countries that can build, adopt, and govern artificial intelligence according to their own conditions, and the council will provide recommendations on how to manage risks, seize opportunities, and improve the lives of all Canadians.
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