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virtua

Vitalik elaborated on the Ethereum execution layer roadmap, focusing on two major changes: the state tree and the virtual machine

Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin published a post on social media outlining the Ethereum execution layer roadmap, focusing on two major changes: the state tree and the virtual machine.Regarding the state tree, Vitalik supports upgrading the current hexadecimal Merkle Patricia tree to a binary tree based on a more efficient hash function through EIP-7864. This change can shorten the Merkle branch by four times, reducing the bandwidth cost for client data verification; at the same time, the hash function can be replaced with the Blake3 or Poseidon series, significantly improving proof efficiency.The binary tree design will also group storage slots into "pages," lowering the access cost for adjacent storage, allowing many DeFi applications to save over 10,000 Gas per transaction. Additionally, the binary tree structure is simpler and can reserve metadata bits for future state expiration features.On the virtual machine front, Vitalik proposed that the long-term direction is to replace the EVM, potentially adopting the RISC-V architecture. The new VM needs to meet four goals: higher raw execution efficiency, making most precompiles unnecessary; proof efficiency superior to the EVM; support for client-side generation of ZK proofs; and maximum simplification of code implementation.He pointed out that if Ethereum only stays at the "EVM + GPU" level, it may be "sufficient," but a better VM can make the protocol stronger. The deployment roadmap is divided into three steps: the new VM will first be used to replace precompiles; then users will be allowed to deploy contracts based on the new VM; finally, the EVM will be retired, transitioning to smart contracts written with the new VM, achieving full backward compatibility.

Supreme Court: The next step will focus on cracking down on crimes related to "money laundering" using virtual currencies and underground banks

According to the Shanghai Securities Journal, Wang Bin, the head of the Third Criminal Division of the Supreme People's Court, stated at a press conference on "The People's Court's Work on Punishing Telecom and Network Fraud and Property Crimes According to Law" that the next step will focus on cracking down on key figures and core members of criminal groups, "financial backers" of telecom fraud, "snakeheads" organizing illegal immigration, and organizations providing armed protection for cross-border fraud crimes, as well as violent crimes such as intentional homicide, intentional injury, and kidnapping committed during telecom fraud, and related crimes such as "money laundering" using virtual currencies and underground banks.Wang Bin also stated that the people's courts will legally strengthen the application of property penalties against telecom fraud criminals, preventing them from benefiting economically. They will guide those involved in "two-card" assistance and concealment of criminals to voluntarily compensate victims, consider the return of stolen goods and compensation as mitigating factors in sentencing for confession and remorse, and impose strict penalties according to law on criminals who have the ability but refuse to return stolen goods or compensate victims.

The Hong Kong Securities and Futures Professionals Association calls for a suspension of the enforcement of virtual asset practitioner examination requirements through covert policy measures

According to a report by Hong Kong media Orange News, the President of the Hong Kong Securities and Futures Professionals Association, Chen Zhi-hua, disclosed that the Hong Kong virtual asset industry is facing a sudden "compliance storm." Practitioners in related businesses have reported encountering bewildering regulatory requirements during the application process for virtual asset-related business qualifications. The existing written policy requires an additional 5 hours of Continuing Professional Training (CPT).However, the latest requirements were not issued through formal written documents or public guidelines, but were communicated "quietly" to license upgrade applicants in the form of verbal notifications or individual emails, stating that all responsible officers (RO) for relevant license upgrades, including those who have already obtained upgrade qualifications, must pass a virtual asset regulation exam conducted by a designated single institution. This nearly "invisible" directive undermines the transparency and fairness that regulatory agencies should uphold.Chen Zhi-hua suggested maintaining the original requirement of an additional 5 hours of Continuing Professional Training (CPT) and urged regulatory agencies to immediately suspend the enforcement of exam requirements through invisible policies.
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