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BTC $66,322.34 -1.87%
ETH $1,927.20 -1.06%
BNB $609.84 -1.49%
XRP $1.42 -4.56%
SOL $81.67 -4.53%
TRX $0.2795 -0.47%
DOGE $0.0974 -3.83%
ADA $0.2735 -4.22%
BCH $537.63 -6.04%
LINK $8.64 -2.97%
HYPE $28.98 -1.81%
AAVE $122.61 -3.42%
SUI $0.9138 -6.63%
XLM $0.1605 -4.62%
ZEC $260.31 -8.86%

decentralized

The number of Solana validator nodes has decreased by 68% over three years, with small nodes being squeezed out of the market by costs

Data shows that the number of validator nodes on the Solana network has significantly decreased from a peak of 2,560 in March 2023 to the current 795, a drop of 68%, raising concerns in the market about the network's level of decentralization.Industry insiders point out that, in addition to clearing "zombie nodes," a more core reason is the continuous rise in operating costs + zero-fee competition among large nodes, which is systematically squeezing out small and medium-sized validators. An independent validator node operator stated that many small nodes are not bearish on Solana, but rather that the economic model has become unsustainable: "Without economic viability, decentralization becomes a charitable act." Meanwhile, Solana's Nakamoto Coefficient has dropped from 31 to 20 during the same period, a decline of about 35%, indicating that the control of staked SOL is concentrating in the hands of a few large nodes, reducing the network's level of decentralization.From a cost perspective: to maintain operation (excluding hardware and servers), a node needs at least $49,000 worth of SOL in the first year; approximately 401 SOL is required annually to pay for voting fees; and daily voting transaction costs can reach up to 1.1 SOL/day. The trend signals are clear: Solana is gradually evolving from a "broad participation node structure" to a structure dominated by large institutional nodes, which may have a profound impact on the network's security structure and governance patterns in the long term.

Gate Web3 has been renamed Gate DEX, advancing the upgrade of decentralized trading experience

According to official news, the globally leading cryptocurrency trading platform Gate has completed the brand upgrade and functional update of its decentralized trading product, officially renaming the former Gate Web3 to Gate DEX. This upgrade is not only a change in name but also a systematic reconstruction of the positioning of decentralized trading entry, product capabilities, and overall user experience under the Gate All in Web3 strategic framework.The upgraded Gate DEX significantly simplifies the traditional DEX login process, now supporting one-click login with Gate accounts, Google accounts, and wallets, enabling quick access across multiple platforms. Users can quickly enter the trading interface without cumbersome configurations, and after connecting their wallets, they can directly start trading, significantly lowering the entry barrier for first-time users. In terms of experience, Gate DEX provides a trading experience close to that of centralized exchanges in aspects such as interface design, token coverage, and liquidity depth, laying a solid foundation for the large-scale application of decentralized trading.Meanwhile, Gate DEX will launch the "On-chain All-round Challenge" from January 23 to February 11 (UTC+8). During the event, users who complete their "first trade" in any section of Swap, Meme, Spot, or Contracts can unlock a cash reward of up to 100 USDT. The total prize pool for the event is 20,000 USDT, with limited spots available on a first-come, first-served basis.As the Gate All in Web3 strategy continues to deepen, Gate DEX, relying on the continuous empowerment of underlying ecological capabilities such as Gate Layer, is expected to become an important hub connecting centralized and decentralized trading experiences, further promoting the maturity and popularization of Web3 infrastructure.

Vitalik proposed to introduce a native DVT staking mechanism at the Ethereum protocol layer to enhance security and decentralization

Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin recently proposed a "native DVT (Distributed Validator Technology)" solution at the Ethereum Research forum, suggesting that DVT be directly integrated into the Ethereum staking protocol layer to enhance network security while promoting decentralization at the validator level.According to the proposal, validators can register multiple independent keys and operate collectively in the form of "grouped validators"; only when a set threshold number of key signatures is reached will the block proposal or witness be considered valid. This mechanism can significantly reduce the risk of single points of failure or validators going offline due to node breaches, while still maintaining existing slashing protections under reasonable threshold settings.Vitalik pointed out that, unlike current DVT solutions that rely on external coordination layers and complex deployments, native DVT will be directly embedded into the protocol itself. Validators holding multiple minimum staking thresholds (32 ETH) can set up to 16 keys and specify a signature threshold, effectively allowing multiple standard nodes to collectively form a single validator identity. He noted that the additional performance overhead of this design is minimal, only adding one extra delay for block production without affecting witness delays, and is compatible with any signature scheme, helping to reduce reliance on long-term potentially risky cryptographic assumptions.On the decentralization front, Vitalik believes that native DVT will enable individuals and institutions to participate in staking more easily in a "self-custodial, fault-tolerant" manner, rather than relying on large staking service providers, thereby improving the decentralization metrics of the Ethereum validator set (such as the Nakamoto coefficient). The proposal is still in the early discussion stage and will require extensive evaluation and consensus from the Ethereum community moving forward.
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