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ZEC $334.58 -1.56%
BTC $75,125.71 +0.72%
ETH $2,336.94 +0.00%
BNB $627.67 +0.85%
XRP $1.44 +2.25%
SOL $88.27 +3.66%
TRX $0.3246 -0.42%
DOGE $0.0980 +2.05%
ADA $0.2561 +2.64%
BCH $449.75 +2.00%
LINK $9.48 +2.12%
HYPE $43.90 -2.83%
AAVE $113.34 +6.72%
SUI $0.9929 +2.09%
XLM $0.1671 +3.88%
ZEC $334.58 -1.56%

nodes

The number of Solana validator nodes has decreased by 68% over three years, with small nodes being squeezed out of the market by costs

Data shows that the number of validator nodes on the Solana network has significantly decreased from a peak of 2,560 in March 2023 to the current 795, a drop of 68%, raising concerns in the market about the network's level of decentralization.Industry insiders point out that, in addition to clearing "zombie nodes," a more core reason is the continuous rise in operating costs + zero-fee competition among large nodes, which is systematically squeezing out small and medium-sized validators. An independent validator node operator stated that many small nodes are not bearish on Solana, but rather that the economic model has become unsustainable: "Without economic viability, decentralization becomes a charitable act." Meanwhile, Solana's Nakamoto Coefficient has dropped from 31 to 20 during the same period, a decline of about 35%, indicating that the control of staked SOL is concentrating in the hands of a few large nodes, reducing the network's level of decentralization.From a cost perspective: to maintain operation (excluding hardware and servers), a node needs at least $49,000 worth of SOL in the first year; approximately 401 SOL is required annually to pay for voting fees; and daily voting transaction costs can reach up to 1.1 SOL/day. The trend signals are clear: Solana is gradually evolving from a "broad participation node structure" to a structure dominated by large institutional nodes, which may have a profound impact on the network's security structure and governance patterns in the long term.
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