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rollup

Vitalik questions the L2 scaling path, Arbitrum, Optimism, and Base collectively respond in the direction of de-homogenization

According to Cointelegraph, after Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin commented that "the original vision of Layer 2 as the primary scaling engine is no longer applicable," several L2 builders responded, generally agreeing that Rollup needs to move beyond the positioning of "a cheaper Ethereum," but there are disagreements on whether scaling should still be its core role.Optimism co-founder Karl Floersch welcomed the challenge of building a modular L2 stack that supports "full-spectrum decentralization," while acknowledging that there are still major obstacles such as long withdrawal periods, second-stage proofs not being production-ready, and insufficient cross-chain application tools. He supports the native Rollup precompiled solutions emphasized by Buterin.Steven Goldfeder, co-founder of Arbitrum developer Offchain Labs, took a firmer stance, arguing that although the Rollup model has evolved, scaling remains the core value of L2. He pointed out that Arbitrum was not built as "a service of Ethereum," but because Ethereum provides a highly secure and low-cost settlement layer, making large-scale Rollups possible. He warned that if Ethereum is seen as hostile to Rollups, institutions might choose to launch independent Layer 1 chains instead of deploying on Ethereum.Base head Jesse Pollak stated that scaling Ethereum L1 is "a victory for the entire ecosystem," agreeing that L2 cannot just be "a cheaper Ethereum." He mentioned that Base is differentiating itself through applications, account abstraction, and privacy features, and is working towards decentralization in the second stage.StarkWare CEO Eli Ben-Sasson hinted that some ZK-native L2s (like Starknet) believe they already fit the specialized role described by Buterin. The entire Ethereum ecosystem is facing a roadmap adjustment: the base layer aims to enhance its capabilities, while L2 is repositioning itself as a dedicated environment serving different technical needs.

Vitalik: Shift in attitude towards supporting native Rollups, ZK timeline gradually maturing

Vitalik Buterin stated that he is "significantly more inclined to support native rollups" compared to the past. Vitalik recalled that a major reason for opposing native rollups previously was that their precompiled solutions had to choose between ZK mode or Optimistic mode, and at that time, ZK-EVM was not mature. L2 often chose the latter, which involved "fast withdrawals but self-proving risks" versus "relying on Ethereum's security but needing to wait 2-7 days for withdrawals," thereby weakening Ethereum's composability and promoting the prevalence of multi-signature bridges and other solutions.Vitalik pointed out that the situation is changing: Ethereum's timeline for fully adopting ZK at the L1 level is gradually aligning with the realistic progress of introducing native rollup precompiles, and the aforementioned core obstacles are expected to be eliminated. He also mentioned that the community is increasingly viewing "synchronous composability" as one of the core values of L2 and is exploring the combination of rollup-based solutions with low-latency pre-confirmation mechanisms.In addition, Vitalik emphasized that the design of native rollup precompiles should not be rushed in its implementation. He expressed a hope that in the future, there would be a property such that if developers build a rollup that is "EVM plus a small amount of extended functionality," they could directly reuse the EVM part of the native rollup precompiles and only introduce a custom proof system for the new features, connecting the two in a standardized way.

Vitalik: Shift in attitude towards supporting native Rollups, ZK timeline gradually matures

Vitalik Buterin stated that he is "significantly more inclined to support native rollups" compared to the past. Vitalik reflected that a key reason for opposing native rollups previously was that their precompiled solutions had to choose between ZK mode or Optimistic mode, and at that time, ZK-EVM was not mature. L2 often chose the latter option, which involved "fast withdrawals but self-bear proof risks" versus "relying on Ethereum's security but needing to wait 2-7 days for withdrawals," thereby weakening Ethereum's composability and promoting the proliferation of multi-signature bridge solutions.Vitalik pointed out that the situation is changing: Ethereum's timeline for fully adopting ZK at the L1 level is gradually aligning with the realistic progress of introducing native rollup precompiles, and the aforementioned core obstacles are expected to be eliminated. He also mentioned that the community is increasingly viewing "synchronous composability" as one of the core values of L2 and is exploring the combination of rollup-based solutions with low-latency pre-confirmation mechanisms.Additionally, Vitalik emphasized that the design of native rollup precompiles should not be rushed in its specific implementation. He expressed a hope that in the future, there would be a property such that if developers build a rollup that is "EVM with a small amount of extended functionality," they can directly reuse the EVM part of the native rollup precompiles and only introduce a custom proof system for the new features, connecting the two in a standardized way.
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